Clock sideband cooling and state-dependent potentials for Yb atoms

ABSTRACT: The internal level structure of neutral ytterbium atoms provides a ground and meta-stable clock state pair, which can be used for quantum metrology, simulation and computation applications. High-fidelity ground state cooling is critical in many of these applications. We generalize resolved sideband cooling and spectroscopy on the optical clock transition of alkaline-earth(-like) atoms for application in 2D and 3D lattices. With it, we demonstrate efficient ground state cooling of both bosonic 174Yb and fermionic 171Yb, including to the 3D motional ground state. The resultant long lifetimes of the meta-stable 3P0 state enable the first measurement of a tune-out wavelength for this state. In combination with other tune-out and magic wavelengths that have been measured recently, this constitutes a unique toolbox for state-dependent control in our hybrid tweezer-lattice platform, paving the way for novel methods for simulation, state preparation and read-out protocols.